{"id":7059,"date":"2026-06-09T14:07:19","date_gmt":"2026-06-09T12:07:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/industrynews.ro\/?p=7059"},"modified":"2026-06-09T14:09:51","modified_gmt":"2026-06-09T12:09:51","slug":"aei-romania-a-traversat-o-succesiune-de-crize-energetice-in-ultimii-35-de-ani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/industrynews.ro\/en\/aei-romania-a-traversat-o-succesiune-de-crize-energetice-in-ultimii-35-de-ani\/","title":{"rendered":"AEI: Rom\u00e2nia a traversat o succesiune de crize energetice \u00een ultimii 35 de ani"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rom\u00e2nia nu s-a confruntat cu o singur\u0103 criz\u0103 energetic\u0103, ci cu o succesiune de crize suprapuse, generate de subinvesti\u021bii, reglement\u0103ri instabile, interven\u021bii politice \u0219i liberaliz\u0103ri insuficient preg\u0103tite, iar problemele actuale ale sectorului \u00ee\u0219i au originea \u00een vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi acumulate dup\u0103 1990, sus\u021bine pre\u0219edintele Asocia\u021biei Energia Inteligent\u0103 (AEI), Dumitru Chis\u0103li\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201e<em>Rom\u00e2nia nu a avut o singur\u0103 criz\u0103 energetic\u0103, ci a fost din criz\u0103 \u00een criz\u0103, o succesiune de crize suprapuse: criza mo\u0219tenirii comuniste, criza investi\u021biilor am\u00e2nate, criza privatiz\u0103rilor incomplete, criza reglement\u0103rii politizate, criza liberaliz\u0103rii prost preg\u0103tite \u0219i criza pre\u021burilor din 2021-2022. Liberalizarea nu este o cauz\u0103, doar o modalitate de a scoate la suprafa\u021b\u0103 toate sl\u0103biciunile acumulate ale sistemului energetic romanesc<\/em>\u201d, men\u021bioneaz\u0103 pre\u0219edintele AEI, \u00eentr-o analiz\u0103 privind evolu\u021bia sectorului energetic rom\u00e2nesc \u00een perioada 1990-2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Referindu-se la perioada 1990-2000, pre\u0219edintele AEI arat\u0103 c\u0103 sc\u0103derea consumului de energie dup\u0103 pr\u0103bu\u0219irea industriei a ascuns problemele structurale ale sistemului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201e<em>Dup\u0103 1989, Rom\u00e2nia a mo\u0219tenit un sistem energetic mare, rigid \u0219i construit pentru economia industrial\u0103 comunist\u0103: combinate, industrie grea, consum masiv, eficien\u021b\u0103 sc\u0103zut\u0103. Odat\u0103 cu pr\u0103bu\u0219irea industriei, consumul de energie a sc\u0103zut puternic. Asta a creat o impresie fals\u0103 de siguran\u021b\u0103: Rom\u00e2nia p\u0103rea s\u0103 aib\u0103 suficient\u0103 energie, dar \u00een realitate avea capacit\u0103\u021bi vechi, ineficiente \u0219i subfinan\u021bate. Cauze principale: termocentrale vechi, pierderi mari \u00een re\u021bele, companii de stat politizate, lips\u0103 de investi\u021bii, pre\u021buri administrate \u0219i subven\u021bii ascunse. Aceasta a fost o criz\u0103 lent\u0103, nu una spectaculoas\u0103: nu s-a v\u0103zut imediat \u00een facturi, ci \u00een degradarea infrastructurii\u201d<\/em>, a explicat acesta, potrivit Agerpres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te perioada restructur\u0103rilor \u0219i privatiz\u0103rilor, Chis\u0103li\u021b\u0103 apreciaz\u0103 c\u0103 procesul nu a fost \u00eenso\u021bit de m\u0103suri suficiente pentru dezvoltarea sectorului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201e<em>\u00cen anii 2000, Rom\u00e2nia a \u00eenceput restructurarea sectorului energetic: privatizarea Petrom, privatizarea unor distribu\u021bii de electricitate \u0219i gaze, separarea activit\u0103\u021bilor de produc\u021bie, transport, distribu\u021bie \u0219i furnizare. \u00cen 2006, se observa deja c\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia privatizase Petrom, aproximativ jum\u0103tate din distribu\u021bia electric\u0103 \u0219i principalele distribu\u021bii de gaze, dar problema independen\u021bei energetice r\u0103m\u00e2nea nerezolvat\u0103. Problema a fost c\u0103 privatizarea distribu\u021biei nu a fost \u00eenso\u021bit\u0103 de o strategie coerent\u0103 pentru produc\u021bie nou\u0103, stocare, capacit\u0103\u021bi flexibile \u0219i modernizarea re\u021belelor<\/em>\u201d, sus\u021bine pre\u0219edintele AEI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Analiza eviden\u021biaz\u0103, de asemenea, efectele schimb\u0103rilor legislative asupra investi\u021biilor \u00een energie regenerabil\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201e<em>Dup\u0103 aderarea la UE, Rom\u00e2nia a stimulat energia regenerabil\u0103 prin certificate verzi. Au ap\u0103rut investi\u021bii importante \u00een eolian \u0219i solar. Dar c\u00e2nd costurile au \u00eenceput s\u0103 se vad\u0103 \u00een facturi, statul a modificat regulile. Investitorii au \u00een\u021beles c\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia poate schimba regulile \u00een timpul jocului. A fost o criz\u0103 de credibilitate: statul a chemat capital privat, apoi l-a speriat<\/em>\u201d, afirm\u0103 Dumitru Chis\u0103li\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Potrivit acestuia, liberalizarea pie\u021bei de energie a avut loc \u00eentr-un moment nefavorabil, marcat de cre\u0219teri puternice ale pre\u021burilor la nivel european.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201e<em>Aceasta este criza pe care popula\u021bia o asociaz\u0103 cel mai mult cu \u201eliberalizarea energiei\u201d. Rom\u00e2nia a liberalizat pia\u021ba exact \u00eenaintea unui \u0219oc european major: revenirea economic\u0103 post-Covid, cre\u0219terea pre\u021bului gazelor, tensiunile geopolitice \u0219i apoi invazia Rusiei \u00een Ucraina. Consiliul UE arat\u0103 c\u0103 r\u0103zboiul Rusiei \u00eempotriva Ucrainei \u0219i folosirea energiei ca arm\u0103 politic\u0103 au avut un impact devastator asupra pie\u021belor energetice europene, cu un v\u00e2rf al crizei \u00een august 2022<\/em>\u201d, sus\u021bine pre\u0219edintele AEI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El aminte\u0219te c\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia a \u00eenregistrat una dintre cele mai puternice cre\u0219teri ale pre\u021burilor la energie pentru gospod\u0103rii din Uniunea European\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201e<em>\u00cen Rom\u00e2nia, efectul a fost sever. Eurostat a raportat c\u0103 \u00een a doua jum\u0103tate a anului 2022, pre\u021burile la electricitate pentru gospod\u0103rii au crescut cu 112% fa\u021b\u0103 de aceea\u0219i perioad\u0103 din 2021, cea mai mare cre\u0219tere din UE. Cauze: liberalizare f\u0103r\u0103 protec\u021bie suficient\u0103, scumpirea gazului european, dependen\u021ba pre\u021bului electricit\u0103\u021bii de gaz, pia\u021b\u0103 spot volatil\u0103, lipsa contractelor bilaterale stabile, produc\u021bie intern\u0103 insuficient flexibil\u0103, comunicare public\u0103 dezastruoas\u0103<\/em>\u201d, consider\u0103 Chis\u0103li\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Referitor la m\u0103surile de plafonare \u0219i compensare, acesta sus\u021bine c\u0103 ele au limitat impactul cre\u0219terilor de pre\u021b asupra consumatorilor, dar au generat alte probleme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201e<em>Pentru a opri explozia facturilor, Rom\u00e2nia a introdus plafonarea \u0219i compensarea pre\u021burilor prin OUG 118\/2021. M\u0103sura a protejat consumatorii, dar a creat alte probleme: costuri bugetare mari, \u00eent\u00e2rzieri la plata furnizorilor, distorsiuni de pia\u021b\u0103 \u0219i confuzie legislativ\u0103. Reuters nota c\u0103 schema de plafonare \u0219i compensare a costat aproximativ 23 miliarde lei p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een februarie 2024<\/em>\u201d, precizeaz\u0103 pre\u0219edintele AEI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen opinia sa, sectorul energetic se confrunt\u0103 \u00een prezent cu provoc\u0103ri similare celor din trecut, \u00een pofida avantajelor oferite de mixul energetic na\u021bional.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201e<em>Dup\u0103 plafonare, Rom\u00e2nia revine la \u00eentrebarea fundamental\u0103: avem suficient\u0103 energie ieftin\u0103, stabil\u0103 \u0219i produs\u0103 intern? R\u0103spunsul este par\u021bial. Avem nuclear, hidro, gaze, regenerabile \u0219i poten\u021bial offshore \u00een Marea Neagr\u0103, dar avem \u0219i re\u021bele vechi, investi\u021bii \u00eent\u00e2rziate, capacit\u0103\u021bi pe c\u0103rbune \u00een declin \u0219i consumatori vulnerabili<\/em>\u201d, sus\u021bine Dumitru Chis\u0103li\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen concluzie, acesta consider\u0103 c\u0103 problemele sectorului energetic sunt rezultatul unor vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi acumulate \u00een timp \u0219i nu pot fi explicate exclusiv prin liberalizarea pie\u021bei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201e<em>Rom\u00e2nia nu a e\u0219uat pentru c\u0103 a liberalizat energia. A e\u0219uat pentru c\u0103 a liberalizat-o t\u00e2rziu, prost preg\u0103tit \u0219i peste un sistem fragil. (&#8230;) Formula crizei rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti este aceasta: pia\u021b\u0103 liber\u0103 nefunc\u021bional\u0103 plus infrastructur\u0103 veche plus investi\u021bii \u00eent\u00e2rziate plus reguli instabile plus interven\u021bii populiste plus influen\u021be politice plus grupuri de interes interne \u0219i externe egal facturi mari \u0219i ne\u00eencredere public\u0103<\/em>\u201d added the AEI president.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rom\u00e2nia nu s-a confruntat cu o singur\u0103 criz\u0103 energetic\u0103, ci cu o succesiune de crize suprapuse, generate de subinvesti\u021bii, reglement\u0103ri instabile, interven\u021bii politice \u0219i liberaliz\u0103ri insuficient preg\u0103tite, iar problemele actuale ale sectorului \u00ee\u0219i au originea \u00een vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi acumulate dup\u0103 1990, sus\u021bine pre\u0219edintele Asocia\u021biei Energia Inteligent\u0103 (AEI), Dumitru Chis\u0103li\u021b\u0103. \u201eRom\u00e2nia nu a avut o singur\u0103 criz\u0103<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7061,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7059","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-energie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Rom\u00e2nia nu s-a confruntat cu o singur\u0103 criz\u0103 energetic\u0103, ci cu o succesiune de crize suprapuse, generate de subinvesti\u021bii, reglement\u0103ri instabile, interven\u021bii politice \u0219i liberaliz\u0103ri insuficient preg\u0103tite\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Alexandru Popescu\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/industrynews.ro\/en\/aei-romania-a-traversat-o-succesiune-de-crize-energetice-in-ultimii-35-de-ani\/\" 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